On-Board Diagnostic Test Reference

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On-Board Diagnostic Test Reference

1/14/2020

Purpose ….. 1

Revision Table ….. 2

Pass/Fail Standards for the OBD Test Portion of a Smog Check Inspection ….. 3

Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes ….. 6

OIS Vehicles of Interest ….. 7

BAR-97 EIS Vehicles of Interest (OBD) ….. 23

Permanent DTC Vehicles of Concern ….. 27

Purpose

This reference provides both a summary of pass/fail standards for the On Board Diagnostic (OBD) test portion of a Smog Check inspection and instructions for inspecting vehicles with known OBD test difficulties. This reference replaces the “Smog Check OBDII Reference (Testability Issues) document that was formerly known as Appendix J.

This document includes guidance related to vehicles that must obtain recall service before a Smog Check inspection can be successfully performed. Certain vehicles may be eligible to be repaired under manufacturer emissions warranty. Recall and warranty information is available by contacting the California Air Resources Board helpline@arb.ca.gov or (800) 242-4450 or https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/frequently-asked-questions .

This document provides guidance to Smog Check inspectors on when to send certain vehicles to a Referee for inspection. The Referee stations are State run and have the expertise and equipment necessary to resolve unique situations. Referee Centers are located throughout California. To find a Referee Center near you or to schedule an appointment, visit asktheref.org or call (800) 6227733.

Note:

The correct vehicle identifying information (e.g., VIN, make, model, and certification type) must be entered into the BAR-97 and the OIS in order to receive a special test configuration. This guide includes vehicles where the OIS or BAR-97 inspection has been modified to accommodate certain vehicle design anomalies via modified pass/fail standards, disabled test modules, or OBD data collection.
Service bulletins and recalls referenced in this document may be obtained by contacting your vehicle manufacturer, aftermarket publisher (e.g., Identifix, Alldata, etc.), or OBDclearinghouse.com .

Revision Table

Pass/Fail Standards for the OBD Test Portion of a Smog Check Inspection

Table 1 below shows the typical number of incomplete OBD readiness monitors that are allowed to pass the OBD test portion of a Smog Check inspection. See the Table 4: OIS Vehicles of Interest, and Table 5: EIS Vehicles of Interest, for vehicles that have modified standards.

Readiness monitors are self-tests performed by the vehicle’s OBD system to verify emission control functionality. While most vehicles complete the various readiness monitors during normal driving, other vehicles have more trouble either because the vehicle design requires unusual operating conditions or because the owner rarely drives the car in the necessary operating mode. On occasion, the vehicle owners-manual contains driving procedures to complete the monitors, but usually this drive cycle information is only available to the OEM or found in repair industry service literature. Since drive cycles require the vehicle

experience specific operating conditions: speed, temperature, pressure, engine load, etc., performing certain drive cycles may not be possible in traffic, yet could be performed using dynamometer equipment. Monitor completion is also dependent on properly functioning components, so a vehicle may never complete a monitor until a thorough diagnosis and repair of components enabling the monitor to run is performed. Readiness monitors must be rerun after a repair activity like disconnecting a vehicle’s battery or

replacing a defective emissions component.

Table 1: OBD Test Monitor Readiness Standards

(Implemented May 4, 2015)

Model Years	Fuel Type	Number of Incomplete Monitors Allowed to Pass OBD Test
1996-1999	Gas^[1]	Any one^[2]
2000 and newer	Gas¹	Evaporative system²
1998-2006	Diesel	Zero
2007 and newer	Diesel	Any two

Pass/Fail Standards for OBD Test Portion of Smog Check Inspection (continued)

Table 2 below shows the current Malfunction Indicator Lamp (aka: “Check Engine” light or MIL) related failure criteria for the OBD test portion of a BAR-97 and OIS inspection.

Table 2: OBD Test MIL Standards

Vehicles	Pass/Fail	Standard
All with OBDII	Pass	MIL illuminates when key on engine off (KOEO)
All with OBDII	Pass	MIL turns off when engine running (KOER)
All with OBDII	Fail	MIL does not illuminate when key on engine off (KOEO)
All with OBDII	Fail	MIL illuminates when engine running (KOER)

Table 3 below shows the BAR-97- and OIS-to-vehicle communication standards. Vehicles fail for no communication for a variety of reasons. Common reasons include but are not limited to: damaged OBD connector or wiring, aftermarket stereo, transmission computer response instead of engine computer response, and invalid data from the vehicle.

Table 3: OBD Test Communication Standards

Model Years	BAR-97 or OIS	Standard
All with OBDII	BAR-97	Vehicle communicates with BAR-97
All with OBDII	OIS	Vehicle communicates with OIS and transmits required data^[3]

Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes

On July 1, 2019, a Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code (PDTC) check was added to the BAR-OIS Smog Check inspection. PDTCs are the same as regular diagnostic trouble codes (DTC), but they cannot be erased by clearing the DTCs with a scan tool or by disconnecting the vehicle’s battery. PDTCs can only be cleared by the OBD II system once it has verified that the previously identified defects are no longer present.

Table 3.5 below shows vehicle model years that are subject to the PDTC check.

Table 3.5: PDTC Standards

Model Years	BAR-97 or OIS	Standard
1996-1999	BAR-97	Not applicable
2000-2009	OIS	Not applicable
2010 & Newer^[4]	OIS	Vehicles fail when a PDTC is present^[5]^[6]^[7],3,4,^[8]

OIS Vehicles of Interest

Table 4 below includes 2000 and newer model-year gasoline and flex-fuel vehicles (and 1998 and newer diesel vehicles) that have known pattern issues with the OBD test portion of an OIS inspection. Issues include but are not limited to: no communication with the vehicle, incomplete readiness monitors, OBD test incompatibility, and false MIL illumination. In most cases, the OIS inspection is programmed to accommodate vehicles with a design anomaly. In other cases, the vehicle may require repair.

Table 4: OIS Vehicles of Interest

BAR-97 EIS Vehicles of Interest (OBD)

Table 5 below includes 1996-1999 model-year vehicles that have a monitor readiness issue with the OBD test portion of a BAR-97 EIS inspection. In most cases, the BAR-97 EIS is programmed to accommodate vehicles with a design anomaly.

Table 5: BAR-97 EIS Vehicles of Interest (OBD)

Permanent DTC Vehicles of Concern

Table 6: Permanent DTC Vehicles of Concern

[1] “Gas” includes gasoline, propane, natural gas (CNG, LNG, LPG)

[2] The continuous monitors (misfire, fuel, comprehensive components are ignored during OBD test of “gas” vehicles.

[3] Required data typically means data from OBD addresses: Mode $01 PID $00, Mode $01 PID $01. Mode $01 PID $00 returns what data is supported on the vehicle. Mode $01 PID $01 returns MIL status, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), and monitor status.

[4] Some 2010 vehicles do not support PDTC. Those without support for PDTC will not be subject to the PDTC check.

[5] A vehicle with a PDTC stored will fail the PDTC check regardless of whether the MIL is commanded ON or OFF.

[6] PDTC presence will be ignored if the vehicle has completed at least 15 warm-up cycles and been driven at least 200 miles since its OBD information was last cleared (as determined by Mode $01 PID $30 and $31).

[7] BAR is aware of some vehicles that have trouble properly clearing certain PDTCs. BAR is working with the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to ensure that known problematic vehicles are addressed by vehicle manufacturers. Until then, these codes will be ignored by BAR-OIS. See Table 6 for a list of these vehicles.

[8] Vehicle manufacturers have issued extended warranties, recalls and repair campaigns for some vehicles that have trouble properly clearing PDTCs. These vehicles will be listed in Table 6. When one of these vehicles fails for the PDTC listed in Table 6, please refer the motorist to the dealer for covered repairs.

https://www.bar.ca.gov/Industry/Industry_Resources/Smog_Check_Manual_and_Reference_Guides.aspx

https://www.bar.ca.gov/pdf/On-Board_Diagnostic_Test_Reference.pdf

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ZMOON ZM201 Professional OBD2 Scanner Diagnostic Tool, Enhanced Check Engine Code Reader with Reset OBDII/EOBD Car Diagnostic Scan Tools for All Vehicles After 1996, 2025 Upgraded

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【USER-FRIENDLY DESIGN】 This check engine code reader features a patented One-Click I/M Readiness, TFT color display, built-in speaker, LED Indicator etc. The cable is long enough without being too long and getting in the way. No batteries are needed.
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Full OBDII Modes Scanner for Car: A professional car scanner diagnostic tool can help you a lot. Read and clear codes, turn off engine lights or MIL, view freeze frames, read I/M readiness, retrieve vehicle VINs, conduct battery voltage tests, and provide live data streams with graphing displays. With a built-in database of 50,000+ DTCs, it also performs O2 sensor tests, onboard monitoring, and component testing, among other functions.
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50,000+ DTC Lookup: Unlike older models that typically only have 3,000-10,000 DTCs, the ZM301 car code reader is equipped with a database of 50,000+ DTCs. This substantial advantage enables the scanner to better diagnose and resolve vehicle faults, making it an excellent choice for replacing or upgrading existing car scanners.
Convenient Shortcut Functions: More shortcut keys for more convenient operation. Equipped with 4 commonly used function shortcut keys, you can check the car's VIN number and view the DTC fault code definition. I/M can quickly retrieve the car's MIL status. PT is performance test, which can help you check the car's acceleration, braking distance and horsepower test.
Compatible with 98% of Vehicles: ZM301 OBDII scanner diagnostic tool is compatible with most cars manufactured after 1996 in the USA, 2002 in Europe, and 2008 in Asia. If your car features a 16-pin OBD2 port and was produced within the specified timeline, it is likely compatible. However, please note that it is not compatible with new energy vehicles, hybrid vehicles, or models that do not comply with the OBD2 protocol.

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Revision Number	Revision Description	Revision Date
1.0	Original	9/1/2015
1.1	Added: BMW; Lexus RX400; Toyota Highlander; VW Passat	9/25/2015
1.2	Added: Chevrolet and GMC box trucks; Freightliner M Line; Mitsubishi Fuso	11/13/2015
2.0	Added: Table 5 with BAR-97 vehicles; Audi A4, A6 bulletin; Ford E350; VW Passat bulletin	1/22/2016
2.1	Added: BMW 323i; Chevrolet Cavalier CNG; Chrysler PT Cruiser; Infinity I30; Kia Borrego; Nissan Maxima; Nissan UD1200; Silverado 1500; Silverado 2500 diesel; links to bulletins; ARB’s number.	3/11/2016
2.2	Added: Chevrolet: C/K2500, C/K3500, G30, G3500, Sport Van, Cargo P30; Ford: F250, F350, E350, E450, E Super Duty, Econo Comm S-Duty, RV S-Duty; GMC: C/K2500, C/K3500, G3500, Workhorse P30; Dodge: Ram 2500, 3500; DCX Sprinter	9/2/2016
2.3	Updated: Chevrolet 2001 Silverado / Tahoe C/K 1500, 2002 C/K 2500HD (diesel). Added: BMW 2003 M3; Volvo 2000 S40 / V40; Mazda 2000 MPV	10/31/2016
2.4	Added BMW: 323i Sedan, 323iT Touring, 323Ci Coupe, 323 Cic Convertible. Model years: 6/997/00. w/M52 engine, model year 2000. Updated Volvo S40 / V40 model year 2000	12/2/2016
2.5	Updated Chrysler 2003 PT Cruiser	1/20/2017
2.6	Added: Ford/Lincoln Explorer, Edge, MKX	2/15/2017
2.7	Reinserted: 2000-2001 Nissan Maxima	4/21/2017
2.8	Continuous Monitors, footnote added to table 1	8/25/2017
2.9	Added: Kia Borrego Drive Cycle Bulletin; Updated Table of Contents	11/28/2017
2.10	Updated 2009 Borrego; Updated 2002 Silverado C/K 2500HD (diesel); Added 2004-2006 Dodge/Daimler Sprinter 2500 3500 (diesel); Added 2004-2006 Freightliner Sprinter (diesel); Added 2002 GMC Sierra C/K 2500HD (diesel)	12/15/2017
2.11	Added owner recall letter for 2004-2006 Freightliner Sprinter (diesel)	1/12/2018
2.12	Added 1996 Mercedes-Benz C220, E320, C280, S320, SL320. Added 2010-2011 Jeep Wrangler 3.8.	4/13/2018
2.13	Updated 2004-2006 Dodge Sprinter (diesel)	6/8/2018
2.14	Updated 2010-2011 Wrangler 3.8L	9/7/2018
2.15	Added Chrysler 1999-2000 Town & Country, Dodge 1999-2000 Caravan, Plymouth 1999-2000 Voyager	10/12/2018
2.16	Added 2007 BMW 328i	3/8/2019
2.17	Added Table 3.5 and Table 6: Permanent DTC Vehicles of Concern	4/26/2019
2.18	Added 2010-2013 Mercedes 350 Bluetec	6/14/2019
2.19	Updated 2004-2006 Dodge and Freightliner Sprinter (diesel)	1/14/2020

Make	Year	Model Engine (L); Fuel Type	Issue	Cause and Possible Remedy	Instruction to Inspector
Audi	2000-2004	A4 & A6	Fail for no OBD communication. No response or Only Transmission Control Module responds to DADs requests. ABS and/or brake lamp illuminated in instrument panel cluster	Broken ground bond wire in ABS module causes diagnostic communication issues with the ABS module, ECM, and TCM. Diagnose and repair per Audi TSB #A45-15-10.	Likely Broken Vehicle Repair and Retest
BMW	6/1/99 – 7/31/00	323i Sedan	May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set/not fitted/not supported.	DME Software error. Reprogram DME with the updated software.	Check the DME “programmed control unit” number listed in TSB #SI B12 16 16 and follow TSB instructions.
BMW	9/3/99 – 7/31/00	323iT Touring	May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set/not fitted/not supported.	DME Software error. Reprogram DME with the updated software.	Check the DME “programmed control unit” number listed in TSB #SI B12 16 16 and follow TSB instructions.
BMW	6/1/99 – 7/29/00	323Ci Coupe	May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set/not fitted/not supported.	DME Software error. Reprogram DME with the updated software.	Check the DME “programmed control unit” number listed in TSB #SI B12 16 16 and follow TSB instructions.

Make	Year	Model Engine (L); Fuel Type	Issue	Cause and Possible Remedy	Instruction to Inspector
BMW	6/23/99 – 7/29/00	323 Cic Convertible	May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set/not fitted/not supported.	DME Software error. Reprogram DME with the updated software.	Check the DME “programmed control unit” number listed in TSB #SI B12 16 16 and follow TSB instructions.
BMW	2000	M52 (TU) engine	May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set/not fitted/not supported.	DME Software error. Reprogram DME with the updated software.	Check the DME “programmed control unit” number listed in TSB #SI B12 16 16 and follow TSB instructions.
BMW	2000	N/A	Fail for readiness Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor.	Software error in ECM. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01. See BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99, dated November 2000.	Vehicle requires reflash Reflash ECM per recall so oxygen sensor monitor will set
BMW	built 3/98 – 7/99	323i, 323iA, 328i, 328iA	Fail for readiness Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor.	Software error in ECM. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01. See BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99, dated November 2000.	Vehicle requires reflash Reflash ECM per recall so oxygen sensor monitor will set
BMW	built 2/99 – 7/99	328iC, 328iCA, 323iC, 323iCA, 528i, 528iA, 528iT, 528iAT	Fail for readiness Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor.	Software error in ECM. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01. See BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99, dated November 2000.	Vehicle requires reflash Reflash ECM per recall so oxygen sensor monitor will set
BMW	built 9/98 – 7/99	Z3 roadster 2.3	Fail for readiness Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor.	Software error in ECM. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01. See BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99, dated November 2000.	Vehicle requires reflash Reflash ECM per recall so oxygen sensor monitor will set

Make	Year	Model Engine (L); Fuel Type	Issue	Cause and Possible Remedy	Instruction to Inspector
BMW	built 4/99 – 7/99	Z3 roadster coupe/ roadster 2.8	Fail for readiness Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor.	Software error in ECM. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01. See BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99, dated November 2000.	Vehicle requires reflash Reflash ECM per recall so oxygen sensor monitor will set
BMW	2001-2003	Z3 M Roadster/coupe with S54 engine	Fail for no communication when ignition switched off/on. OBD communication always possible with BMW DIS or GT1 tester.	Voluntary Emissions Recall Campaign to reprogram the engine control units (DME) on all affected vehicles. Bulletin #SI B12 11 06 dated October 2007.	Follow OIS prompts – connect/disconnect DAD when key off
BMW	2000-2003	Z8 & M5 with S62 engine	Fail for no communication when ignition switched off/on. OBD communication always possible with BMW DIS or GT1 tester.	Voluntary Emissions Recall Campaign to reprogram the engine control units (DME) on all affected vehicles. Bulletin #SI B12 11 06 dated October 2007.	Follow OIS prompts – connect/disconnect DAD when key off
BMW	From series intro. up to 8/27/2004	M3 with S54 engine	Fail for no communication when ignition switched off/on. OBD communication always possible with BMW DIS or GT1 tester.	Voluntary Emissions Recall Campaign to reprogram the engine control units (DME) on all affected vehicles. Bulletin #SI B12 11 06 dated October 2007.	Follow OIS prompts – connect/disconnect DAD when key off
BMW	2003	M3	Failure to set EGR monitor	Check thermostat	Likely broken vehicle; Repair and Retest
BMW	2007	328i	Engine dies during OBD Test, won’t restart.	Separate the vehicle and key. Wait 20+ minutes. Attempt to restart.	Test normally BAR-OIS will not request Cal ID or CVN. Possible keyless ignition related issue. The vehicle will recover by just letting it sit for 20+ minutes with the wireless key fob out of range of the vehicle.

Make	Year	Model Engine (L); Fuel Type	Issue	Cause and Possible Remedy	Instruction to Inspector
Chevrolet	1998-2005	DIESEL C/K2500 & C/K3500 (including Silverado and Suburban), G30, G3500 (including Sport Van, Express Cut-Away & Cargo), P30	Federal diesel vehicle over 8,500 GVWR is not OBD-II certified.	Federal diesel vehicles over 8,500 GVWR were not built to comply with OBD-II or Fed OBD standards.	Test normally BAR-OIS will ignore incomplete continuous monitors. If the vehicle fails to communicate, use the result of the bulb check for the overall result of the OBD Test if the analyzer offers this option.
Chevrolet	1999-2005	3500 W35042 (box truck) [GVWR 10,001 – 14,000] (diesel) [Federal certified]	Vehicle is not equipped with OBD II	OBD not installed in federals during these years	OIS programmed to skip the OBD functional test
Chevrolet	2000-2002	S-10 (2WD), 2.2L I-4 (E85)	Monitors won’t set on certain flex fuel models, VINs listed below. YGMXT02.2121 YGMXT02.2122 1GMXT02.2122 2GMXT02.2122 YGMXT02.2121 YGMXT02.2122 (VIN 8^th digit: 5)	System monitors disabled for operation > E15 blends: 02 Sensor Heater, Secondary Air, Catalyst. System monitors disabled for operation > E10 blends: Evaporative leak check. Desensitized O2 Senor monitor implemented; only reports faults during operation < E15 blends.	OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors
Chevrolet	2000-2005	Suburban, Silverado, Express, Avalanche (gasoline) [Federal certified]	Message appears during OIS OBD II test stating, “Unable to confirm this Vehicle’s OBD II requirements. Does this vehicle have OBD II?”	Federally certified vehicle may not be certified to OBD II standards.	Check under-hood emission label to determine OBD certification status. Enter correct result into OIS and follow OIS prompts. OIS may state a BAR-97 test is required on vehicles without OBDII.
Chevrolet	2001	Silverado / Tahoe C/K 1500	Failure to set secondary air system monitor	Possible air injection problem (check valve(s), vacuum line, pump, air passages)	Diagnose; repair and retest

Make	Year	Model Engine (L); Fuel Type	Issue	Cause and Possible Remedy	Instructions to Inspector
BMW	1996	7-Series, 8-Series 5.0L, 5.4L	Monitors difficult to complete.	N/A	EIS ignores readiness status.
Chrysler	1996	Cirrus, Concord, LHS Sebring Convertible	All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off.	Recall campaign #678 applies to California certified vehicles originally sold in California. TSB #18-005-01 (with lifetime warranty) applies to federal certified and California certified originally sold in northeast states.	Comply with recall, then test as normal.
Chrysler	1996	Concord, LHS, New Yorker, Sebring, Town & Country 2.0L, 2.4L, 2.5L, 3.3L, 3.5L	Monitors difficult to complete.	N/A	EIS ignores readiness status.
Chrysler	1998-1999	Town & Country 3.3L Flex Fuel	Monitors may not function when ethanol is detected by the vehicle.	N/A	Test as normal
Dodge	1996	Stratus, Intrepid, Neon	All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off	Recall campaign #678 applies to California certified vehicles originally sold in California. TSB #18-005-01 (with lifetime warranty) applies to federal certified and California certified originally sold in northeast states.	Comply with recall, then test as normal.
Dodge	1996	Avenger, Stratus 2.0L manual	Monitors difficult to complete.	N/A	EIS ignores readiness status.

Make	Year	Model Engine (L); Fuel Type	Issue	Cause and Possible Remedy	Instructions to Inspector
Mitsubishi	1998	Eclipse (all), Galant 2.4L, Mirage, Montero Sport 2.4L	Monitors difficult to complete.	N/A	EIS ignores readiness status.
Mitsubishi	1998	3000GT, Diamante, Galant 2.3L, Montero, Montero Sport 3.0L	Some monitors are difficult to complete.	Follow recommended drive cycles in Mitsubishi service manual.	Test as normal.
Mitsubishi	1999	All models	Some monitors are difficult to complete.	Follow recommended drive cycles in Mitsubishi service manual.	Test as normal.
Nissan	1996	Sentra 1.6L and 2.0L manual, 200SX 1.6L, 240SX 2.4L, Maxima 3.0L, Pickup 2.4L	Monitors difficult to complete.	N/A	EIS ignores readiness status.
Nissan	1996-1997	All models	Catalyst and evaporative system monitors are difficult to complete.	Follow recommended drive cycle for specific model per Nissan TSB #NTB98018G, June 7, 2013.	Comply with TSB, then test as normal.
Nissan	1999	All models	Monitors can be difficult to complete.	Follow owner’s manual drive cycle to achieve readiness.	Test as normal.
Plymouth	1996	Breeze, Neon	All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off.	Recall campaign #678 applies to California certified vehicles originally sold in California. TSB #18-005-01 (with lifetime warranty) applies to federal certified and California certified originally sold in northeast states.	Comply with recall, then test as normal.
Plymouth	1998-1999	Voyager 3.3L Flex Fuel	Monitors may not function when ethanol is detected by the vehicle.	N/A	Test as normal.
Saab	1996-1998	900 2.3L (B234 with Motronic 4.1)	Monitors difficult to complete.	N/A	EIS ignores readiness status.
Saab	1996-1998	All models	Catalyst and evaporative system monitors are difficult to complete.	Saab Service Instruction No. 248-9037 describes the correct drive cycle for completion of the monitors.	Comply with TSB, then test as normal.

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